Themes Relating to Good Versus Evil in Billy Budd Essay Example For Students

Themes Relating to Good Versus Evil in Billy Budd Essay First originating as a poem about a middle-aged man on the eve of his execution, Billy Budd is the only true work of fiction written by Melville Bloom, Critical Views 198. The idea for the novella was probably suggested in part by an incident in 1842 in which a midshipman and two seamen of the American brig Somers were hanged at sea for mutiny Voss 44. Although it remained unpublished for until almost half a century after Melvilles death, Billy Budd quickly became one of his most popular works Bloom, Critical Views 198. Perhaps one of the most widely recognized themes in Billy Budd is the corruption of innocence by society Gilmore 18. Society in Billy Budd is represented by an eighteenth century English man-of-war, the H. M. S. Bellipotent. Billy, who represents innocence, is a young seaman of twenty-one who is endowed with physical strength, beauty, and good nature Voss 44. A crew member aboard the merchant ship Rights of Man, Billy is impressed by the English navy and is taken aboard the H. M. S. Bellipotent. As he boards the H. M. S. Bellipotent, he calmly utters, Goodbye, Rights of Man, a farewell to his ship and crewmates. We will write a custom essay on Themes Relating to Good Versus Evil in Billy Budd specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now However, this farewell is not only meant for his ship, but for his actual rights as well, the rights that would have kept him innocent until proven guilty under a normal society Gilmore 18. The society represented by the H. M. S. Bellipotent is much different from that of the outside world, as the various laws and regulations in effect during war turn a civilized society into more of a primitive state. The rights that are fought for during war were no longer possessed by the men on board the Bellipotent in an attempt to keep order as best as possible Gilmore 18. Billy was impressed by the English navy because of a need for good sailors. The Rights of Man cannot survive in the war-torn waters of the ocean without the protection of the Bellipotent, and the Bellipotent cannot protect the Rights of Man if it does not impress sailors Tucker 248. On the H. M. S. Bellipotent, Billy faces destruction from a force which he does not and cannot comprehend Gilmore 18. Billy was snatched from a safe berth aboard the Rights of Man so that he could be made into an example, which would hopefully suppress the primitive instinct to rebel in the other crew members Tucker 248. He lacks the sophistication and experience to roll with the punches, forcing him to succumb to this hostile society. Unlike the shifting keel of the ship, he cannot lean both ways, one way toward his natural innocence and trustfulness and the other toward the evil and conspiracy in society, causing him to break apart and sink Gilmore 18. It can also be interpreted that Billy is the true civilizer, for while the war in which the H. M. S. Bellipotent fights is a product of what passes for civilization, Billy is the maker of peace Gilmore 65. Another theme that critics feel is present in Billy Budd is that of the impersonality and brutality of the modern state. Billy was taken from a safe and protected environment on the Rights of Man and placed in a new, hostile setting, one which he was not prepared for and could not conform to. Once one of the strongest and most respected crew members on the Rights of Man, he was no longer regarded as such on the H. M. S. Bellipotent Bloom, Critical Views 211. However, his innocence and trustfulness remained with him, causing the crew to regard him as being more of a noble man, rather than the powerful man that he was on the Rights of Man. While most of the crew admired Billy for these qualities, John Claggart, Master-at-Arms for the H. M. S. Bellipotent, regards Billy with jealousy and malice Gilmore 24. Critics have described Claggart as the epitome of evil, residing on the periphery of order, and serving as both tempter and destroyer Bloom, Critical Views 207. .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 , .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 .postImageUrl , .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 , .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41:hover , .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41:visited , .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41:active { border:0!important; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41:active , .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41 .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8911f70d091ac020880c6d30881f5e41:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: J.K. Rowling's fifth book, Harry Potter EssayHe has been compared by Melville to Tecumseh and Titus Oates, and with his background being unknown, Melville makes his character appear even more evil to the reader Bloom, Critical Views 207. Ironically, Claggarts strength resides in his job as the shipboard peacekeeper. However, when his evil side takes control, it causes him to rear up like a coiled snake, ready to strike out at goodness Gilmore 24. When Billy becomes part of the H. M. S. Bellipotents crew, Claggarts jealousy and malice causes his evil side to take control. In an attempt to destroy Billys image of innocence and peacefulness, Claggart approaches Captain Vere and accuses Billy of attempted mutiny. Understandibly surprised at the accusation, Vere calls Billy and Claggart before him in order to question both sides. Billy, being afflicted by a stammer which prevents him from speaking when excited, involuntarily strikes Claggart when he learns of the false accusations, killing him instantly in the presence of Captain Vere Voss 44. Although Vere realizes that Billy acted without being able to contemplate his actions, he must decide whether or not to place Billy on trial as he is required by law to do. The Mutiny Act states that A blow to a superior, regardless of its effect, is a capital offense, and the law provides no exceptions for palliating circumstances Bloom, Chelsea House 157. Vere believes Billys story and knows that he never meant to kill Claggart. Nevertheless, he fears the possible consequences if Billy goes unpunished and that actual mutiny may take place if he delays Billys fate until the Bellipotent reaches land. Vere forms and persuades a drumhead court to put aside sympathy and act for the greater good of society the British navy Bloom, Critical Views 209. Most critics agree that Vere had to punish Billy, whether he was innocent or not, to assure the obedient well-being of society Billy Budd. Vere believes that life would fall to pieces if the necessities in life were not carried out. The occasional sacrifice of an expendable individual, no matter how brutal it may seem, is necessary for maintaining peace and order in society Foster 115. Although many themes can be interpreted from the novella Billy Budd, it is obvious to most that the prevalent theme in the novella is the battle between Good and Evil. When broken down into its simplest parts, Billy Budd deals with Billy, the representative of good and innocence, being falsely accused by Claggart, who represents evil, before an intelligent but feeling authority, Captain Vere Billy Budd. Claggart, the epitome of evil, attempts to be the perfect peacemaker, but the evil nature born within him and innate prevents him from doing so Voss 45. His evil flaw is easily enraged by the fact that Billy is a natural and admirable peacemaker, changing his character from the enforcer to the destroyer of peace. He has been described as a Jekyll and Hyde character, changing personalities from good to evil without control or warning Bloom, Critical Views 207. Vere, however, is the perfect balance between Billy and Claggart, opposing innovation and change, yet remaining at peace with the world Gilmore 23. He is endowed with qualities that make him the well-nigh perfect embodiment of the just and impartial judge Voss 45. Vere is the chief agent of law; many critics call him everything from a rigid military disciplinarian to an unprincipled aristocrat Gilmore 57. He experienced love when it didnt threaten duty Bloom, Critical Views 211. Although Vere believed that he was forced to punish Billy, he deeply regretted having to do so. Critics feel that Billy is like a son to Vere, and some even go as far to say that he is Veres long-lost son Bloom, Critical Views 208. However, any compromise at all in the decision is impossible, and so Vere, and we, are forced to confront the imperatives of law. There is no escape for Vere, and it is in this light that we must appreciate his reactions Gilmore 58. .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d , .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d .postImageUrl , .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d , .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d:hover , .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d:visited , .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d:active { border:0!important; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d:active , .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubbddc6e186ebfc3b6048b10b3ddd983d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Bishop's "The Fish" Poetry Response EssayVere meets in private with Billy to discuss his sentence, culminating in a kind of sacrament Voss 46. His attitude of sympathy and feeling for Billy displays Veres belief that although evil may sometimes defeat good in a physical sense, good always prevails in the spirit and in the heart of man. Arthur Voss states that, in Billys Christian meekness and humility, his acceptance of his fate, his God bless Captain Vere just before execution, and his ascension in the full rose of dawn, some of Melvilles critics see an affirmation that goodness persists and triumphs over evil and injustice 45. Billy, though innocent, is not perfect. Some critics feel that Billy may represent Melvilles late-in-life subordination of will to Gods infinite judgment Gilmore 24. Melville is also thought to have believed that Christianity is the center of an order that is slowly slipping away, and therefore has made Billy a Christ figure Tucker 316. Billys calm acceptance of his fate further develops this Christlike character. He feels for Vere and understands the circumstances under which Vere is forced to punish him Bloom, Critical Views 209. When he cries, God bless Captain Vere! just moments before his execution, Vere, either through stoic self-control or a sort of momentary paralysis induced by emotional shock, stands exactly rigid in the ship-armorers rack. His blessing of Vere, like Christs blessing of His enemies, shows that he feels no resentment toward those who are taking his life from him Gilmore 59. Although the official naval report makes Billy the villain and Claggart the hero, Bil ly proves that after he is executed, the good that he stands for will continue to live, always defeating the troubles of evil in the heart of man. Melville goes on to imply that society does not know how to differentiate true good from evil. The law and society has not yet learned how to deal with man as a flawed individual. The laws insanity is like that earlier attributed to Claggart: although apparently subject to reason, it is deeply irrational. In Billys case, the law is unable to distinguish the human being from his act Gilmore 63. Billys death had a profound impact on the crew of the H. M. S. Bellipotent. Many members of the crew respected the good that Billy stood for and felt that he should not have been executed for his crime, as did Vere. Billy becomes a martyr for the crew of the Bellipotent they continue to remember and to uphold the lessons learned from his character. Pieces of the mast from which he was hanged are saved and cherished like pieces of the cross would be cherished by devout Christians Van Doren 617. The men that witnessed Billys execution remembered the event as one of historys most tragic days for the rest of their lives. And, on his deathbed, even strong Captain Vere displayed his affection for Billy and the impact that he had on his life with his dying words, Billy Budd, Billy Budd. Gilmore 23

Rip Van Winkle Essay Essays

Rip Van Winkle Essay Essays Rip Van Winkle Essay Paper Rip Van Winkle Essay Paper Essay Topic: Rip Van Winkle Freedom brings felicity. This is a major message shown in the narrative Rip Van Winkle. Rip Van Winkle is about a adult male who slept through the American Revolution for twenty old ages. During those 20 old ages he slept. his small town and the whole state underwent a major alteration that affected the hereafter of America. Written during the early 1800s when American literature was to a great extent influenced by the Europeans. Washington Irving portrays America’s hunt for an individuality through one of the first true American literature. Rip Van Winkle. utilizing elements and features of the literary epoch of American Romanticism. Washington Irving was born on April 3. 1783 to wealthy parents as the youngest of 11. His older brothers influenced Irving’s gustatory sensation in literature. One brother that indirectly led Washington Irving to success was named Peter. In 1815. Peter sent Irving to Liverpool to seek to salvage their household concern at that place which was on the brink of bankruptcy. He failed to salvage it. and the concern became bankrupt in 1818. Irving chose to stay in Europe after this incident and decided to do a life as an writer. As he traveled Irving recorded his ideas. observations. and ideas in a bantam diary. He subsequently turned these entries into short narratives and compiled them into a aggregation in which he called The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon. This aggregation contained short narratives based off of European common people narratives but in American scenes. every bit good as essays. Included in the aggregation is Rip Van Winkle. which was based off of the German folk tale. Peter Klaus. The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon became a success and was well-received by Europe. in which during the collection’s publication. 1819. did non respect American literature and even thought there was no such thing. The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon became an of import milepost in American literature history. and proved that American literature could be independent of European literature. Rip Van Winkle is considered one of the theoretical accounts of American Romanticism and it demonstrates many features of this literary epoch. Normally. the chief character or hero of some literatures are already well-known and are of high position. One of the features of American Romanticism is the common adult male as the chief character or hero. The common adult male is an mundane individual ; he’s non particular or person well-known. This characteristic is demonstrated in Rip Van Winkle. â€Å"I have observed that he was a simple good-natured ; he was. furthermore. a sort neighbour. and an obedient henpecked hubby. † Rip Van Winkle is merely a common small town adult male. He does non come from a reputable household. nor does he hold a high place such as governed. He is merely a sort adult male who obeys his married woman and enjoys assisting his neighbours. Another prevailing feature of American Romanticism is the chief character’s inclination to seek safety in nature. They turn to nature when they are confronting jobs or experiencing inferior. â€Å"Poor Rip was at last decreased about to desperation ; and his lone option. to get away from the labour of the farm and blare of his married woman. was to take gun in manus and saunter off into the forests. † Here hapless Rip Van Winkle is in hurt from being invariably nagged by his married woman. Dame Van Winkle. The lone topographic point he can acquire off from her and hold peace is in the forests of the Kaatskill mountains. Nonconformity is another trait that American Romantic plants tend to possess. â€Å"Rip. in fact. was no politician ; the alterations of provinces and imperiums made but small feeling on him ; but there was one species of absolutism under which he had long groaned. and that was- petticoat authorities. † In twenty old ages. Rip Van Winkle’s small town and the whole went through a drastic alteration. Before the American Revolution. the the villagers. normally the work forces. would sit in an hostel dish the dirting about small town events. After the American Revolution. alternatively of dish the dirting about small town events. they gossip about political relations and politicians. America’s swayer changed from a male monarch to a president. These critical alterations did non involvement him. Although he did accept the fact that the people he was familiar with are gone. he chose to non conform to this â€Å"new† state. Washington Irving uses symbolism in Rip Van Winkle to showcase how the the American Revolution impacted the American society and their hereafter. Rip Van Winkle represented America. and his married woman represented England. Rip Van Winkle was controlled by his married woman. much like how America was controlled by England. When America eventually broke off from England’s control. Americans found happiness in their freedom which led them to bit by bit happen their ain individuality. including their literature individuality. When Rip Van Winkle gained freedom from the decease of his married woman. he was eventually able to be happy. to be at peace. and to be able to make as he wishes. Overall. Rip Van Winkle symbolizes how Americans are what they are today. because they eventually gained the freedom to make their ain individuality.

Amy Tan

Amy Tan Amy Tan was born in 1952 in John and Daisy Tan of Chinese immigrants in Oakland, California. Her family eventually settled in Santa Clara. When Tan was in his teens, one of his father and brother died of brain tumor within a few months. In the meantime, Tan learned that her mother got married to an abusive husband in China. After his divorce, her mother left China and left three daughters during the Communist Party acquisition. Amy Tan struggled with many of the problems posed by her dual culture and she expressed this in her work. Daisy and Jong Tang are parents of postwar immigrants and Amy Tan (Amy Tan). Tan was given the name of Chinese, blessing of America, Mei Mei (McCarthy). For them, this is a blessing they will win after their struggle. After World War II, Tan's father arrived in the United States and became Minister (Amy Tan). Than life seems to be progressing well, but the tragedy is shocking. Amy Tan is a Chinese-American writer and is known for his highly respect ed novel The Joy Luck Club. Amy Ruth Tan was born on February 19, 1952 at John and Daisy Tan in Auckland, California. Amy 's parents are Chinese immigrants who escaped China to get out of trouble. Amy 's mother Daisy divorced her abusing husband, left three daughters, then moved to the United States and married John, the father of Amy. Marriage bore three children, Amy Tan Amy Tan was born in 1952 in John and Daisy Tan of Chinese immigrants in Oakland, California. Her family eventually settled in Santa Clara. When Tan was in his teens, one of his father and brother died of brain tumor within a few months. In the meantime, Tan learned that her mother got married to an abusive husband in China. After divorcing him, her mother fled from China during the acquisition of the Communist Party, left three daughters, and she will ... even if broken and broken Growing up in words that could be considered, the love affair of Amy Tan's language allowed her to accept the change in English surroun ding her. In her essay mother tongue, Tan talked about her inner conflict with her mother from English education. Tan who shows her experience as a teenager like her mother and shares it is dissatisfied with the difficulty of being seriously incapable of thinking seriously

Financial Accounting Reports Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial Accounting Reports - Assignment Example This is mostly done by measuring and monitoring the performance of agents. After measuring and monitoring, the results is the then reported to the interested parties. In most cases, financial accountancy is used during the preparation of accounting information for the outsiders of the organization. However, it is not used for the daily operation at the company (Alexander 2008, 76). Financial statement is generally a formal record that defines financial activities of a particular organization, business entity or even a person. In most cases, the relevant financial information is usually presented in an effective manner and in a simple form to enable the user having less difficulty in understanding it (Alexander 2008, 97). The different forms of financial statements include a balance sheet, cash flow statement and an income statement (Alexander 2008, 97). In this case, the balance sheet normally reports on some of the liabilities, assets and ownership equity of the organization while the income statement mostly reports on the organization profits and expenses over a certain time. On the other hand, the cash flows statement mostly reports on some of the organization’s cash flow activities including financial and operating activities (Gray 2006, 49). Financial statements are supposed to be understandable to its readers. Alternatively, different users mostly use the statements for various purposes. Some of the common users of financial statements include; owners and managers, prospective investors, employees, organizations, and financial institutions (Eijffinger 2012, 72).Managers of organizations and owners mostly require financial statements in making crucial decisions regarding the business. These financial statements are mostly used as part of organization’s annual report especially to the stockholders. Additionally, employees may sometimes need these reports while making collective bargaining agreements. Most of these agreements are

Sustainable Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Sustainable Development - Essay Example Whatever we do here, has consequences, and we must individually and collectively strive to assure that the consequences are mitigated by positive actions. In an article written on the Principles of Sustained Development, the author emphatically stresses the scope and purpose of sustained development, he says: Sustained development focuses on improving the quality of life for all of earth’s citizens without increasing the use of natural resources beyond the capacity of the environment to supply them indefinitely. It requires an understanding that inaction has consequences and that we must find innovative ways to change institutional structures and influence individual behavior. It is about taking action, changing policy and practice at all levels, from the individual to the international. (Principle) This attitude has led to a number of world conclaves assembled around the concept of sustained development. The latest of which was the Earth Summit in Johannesburg, South Africa in 2002. This summit has been heralded as a participatory and contributing success, and the attendees brought to bear the local, regional and national concerns. These concerns were aired in a series of roundtables. The participants were determined to make this summit a productive event and produce items of substance which they could take back home with them and continue the works they commenced in Johannesburg. Recognizing that whether they were citizens of a developed country, or small developing state, the need for coordinated efforts were essential. essential. Merely to sit and exchange dialogue on the ills of the earth and simply codify those dilemmas, take them back home and have them collect dust until the next vision or summit, was no longer an option. These delegates recognized the need for the establishment and functioning of regional partnerships, which will feed off of and into each other concerning the local, regional, national and international technologies and

Hurricane Katrina Disaster Response Essay Example for Free

Hurricane Katrina Disaster Response Essay Bureaucratic/hierarchical model is a kind of organizational management wherein all the members of the organization contribute for the achievement of its purpose which is to give the best possible performance. It has rules and regulation which the members followed. and the personnel took orders from the top. The advantages of bureaucratic/hierarchical model include the following: its power and technical system is implemented by means of its rules and regulations; these rules are well-defined and managed fairly which are the reasons why members and clients agree and measure up to its authority. It has rights and benefits or privileges which serve as a protection to its members as well as its clients, regardless of their status. Bureaucratic/hierarchical model has the capacity to work efficiently and effortlessly, giving power to the people to operate in a synchronized or harmonized way. However, bureaucratic/hierarchical model has its disadvantages as well, and these are the following: agreement or conformity is not always appreciated due to the fact that this may hinder or impede the capacity to attend and respond to events that has not been encoded into their system of rules and regulations; it has the tendency to build a conspiracy or plot among its members; also its administrator has the tendency to become more occupied in maintaining the official form that they lose sight of their original main purpose. Meanwhile, the network model is a kind of organizational management composed of independent people and group that operate in many levels, has links across boundaries, and worked together for a common purpose. It has multiple leaders, and its members meet occasionally. The main purpose of the network model is to provide quality services to its clients through high degrees of informal communications via worldwide web. Because of this purpose, numerous advantages can be derived from networking. First of all, it provides a faster proliferation of information and other related announcement between those at sharp-end and those who support them. It enables members to render high quality services through the various skills and capacity of their teams wherever and whenever the need arises. Technical wise, network can still operate even in cases of natural disaster thereby lessening disruption as it can adjust accordingly. However, as much as this model has numerous advantages, it also has its disadvantages. Among them are: the lack of hierarchy does not always ensure quality services; the fact that since the people involved in this model has less chance of meeting, in cases of any trouble or problem, it takes longer for them to coordinate; and although they have high tech equipment plus the capabilities to operate these equipments, it does not guarantee of reliability in instances of electricity crisis and disasters. Wise (2006) proposed implementing an â€Å"adaptive management† approach for disasters to solve the solution to the above mentioned management model. Adaptive management is a kind of management which makes use of the combination of science and management, and its approach is based on the new information they have acquired. Their approach of management starts with having meeting with members and personnel to discuss the problem and discuss their plans. They will then create a group who will monitor and study the facts and figures, as well as inform their leader about the results of their study. This not only helped solve the problems but at the same time provide an opportunity for organizational learning to all the people involved. The process in adaptive management model includes the following: they first identify the worries and reservations regarding the matter at hand; after which the leader, together with his personnel launched ways or means to test the proposition and suggestion regarding the matter or problem. The last step they take is; after thorough study and consultation with all the personnel concerned, they will then proceed to change their system for a new one which they believe will accommodate for better handling and solving of the matter or problem at hand. Given the Hurricane Katrina scenario, if the adaptive management approach is applied from day 1 when Hurricane Katrina is still in Category 1, the authorities assigned to the disaster division of the government would have lost no time in conducting an emergency meeting to discuss contingency plan with regards to the approaching typhoon. They would have studied and discussed all the angles and possibilities in case the typhoon gained strength. After that, the authorities would improvise plans on safety measures for the public, and formed groups who will monitor the status of the typhoon, the course of its travel 24/7, and update the head of the department from time to time. When one levee collapsed, the authorities would have been able to prevent other levees to collapse because the adaptive management model is more suitable to utilize in case of emergencies like what happened at the height of Hurricane Katrina. As a conclusion, this student recommends the use or application of adaptive management approach for the Hurricane Katrina. For one, this approach is more accurate and reliable since it is more updated due to the continuous training of the manager and personnel of organization with this approach. They possess high technology equipment that proves to be more accurate, and their personnel have the skills and capabilities to handle these equipments that will surely save time in responding to emergencies and disasters. All these aspects will surely be more proficient in handling emergency situations as they lead to better and fast coordination, that can save life better and faster than when bureaucratic/hierarchical model and network model is employed. Bibliography Brown, T. L. and Potoski, M. (2003). Management capacity in municipal and county governments. Public Administration Review. 63(2). Business system-the bureaucratic model. (2008). Business Open Learning Archive. Retrieved March 18, 2009, from The Business Open Learning Archive database. Wise, C. R. (2002). Organizing for Homeland Security. Public Administration Review 62, 131 – 144.

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CNN/MoneyWeb Home Markets & Stocks ADRs AM Market Call Bonds & Rates Commodities Currencies Dow 30 Earnings Earnings Warnings Hot Stocks Investor Research Center IPO Center Most Active Stocks PM Market Call U.S. Stocks Wall Street Research Widely Helds World Markets Track Your Stocks Real Time Quotes Company News Economy World Biz Technology Commentary Personal Finance Mutual Funds Money Magazine Money 101 Portfolio Calculators Real-time Quotes CNN/Money Email newsletters Mobile news Money archives Buy story reprints CNNfn on TV | Web video Buy show videos SPECIAL OFFER --AAABAEAKALAPARASAZBCCACOCTDCDEFLGAHIIAIDILINKSKYLAMAMBMDMEMIMNMOMPMSMTNBNCNDNENFNHNJNMNVNSNTNYONOHOKORPAPEPRQCRISCSDSKTNTXUTVAVIVTWAWIWVWYYT Please do not contact me via e-mail with offers from Time Inc, and CNN/Money Get 11 more issues, totaling 12 for $19.95, if you like MONEY. Or cancel and owe nothing MONEY is published monthly, except for two issues combined periodically into one and occasional extra, expanded, or premium issues. Combined, expanded, and premium issues count as two subscription issues. Rate good in U.S. only. In Canada, 12 issues/$37.00, not including GST, HST, and QST. Subscribers: If the Post Office alerts us that your magazine is undeliverable, we have no further obligation unless we receive a corrected address within two years. To read our Privacy Policy, go to http://money.cnn.com/services/privacy/ I agree to the offer details above. 12 issues for $19.95. Privacy Policy Markets & Stocks Stocks rally on optimism Investors encouraged by some positive earnings reports as economy at home takes center stage. April 14, 2003: 1:38 PM EDT By Meghan Collins and Malina Poshtova Zang, CNN/Money Staff Writers NEW YORK (CNN/Money) - Stocks rallied into early afternoon trading Monday as investors saw some hope for corporate growth and the economy after a few positive profit reports. Shortly after 1:30 a.m. ET the Dow Jones industrial average (up 105.32 to 8308.73, Charts), the Nasdaq composite (up 19.98 to 1378.83, Charts) and the S&P 500 index (up 11.60 to 879.90, Charts) all rallied to gains of more than 1 percent. Only two of the 30 Dow stocks traded lower. "I think there's a little bit of optimism here today -- you can take one eye off Iraq and start to focus more on the economy and earnings," said James Park, senior trader at Brean Murray & Co. With the war in Iraq de facto over, investors increasingly shifted their focus to matters at home, top of which were the state of the U.S. economy and corporate bottom lines. This week marks the first of the two biggest weeks for posting first-quarter results -- and the first earnings news that came Monday appeared encouraging.